Area under the measured concentration–time curve from time = 0 to the last time point.

$$AUC\_0\_last={\displaystyle \underset{0}{\overset{Tlast}{\int }}C(t)dt}$$,

whereC(t)是时间的血浆浓度t。

SimBiology uses the lineartrapezoidal method计算AUC。

浓度 - 时间曲线的总面积外推到infusing the terminal rate constantLambda_z。

$$AUC\_infinity=AUC\_0\_last+\frac{C\_last}{Lambda\_z}$$,

whereC_lastis the last observed concentration andLambda_zis the terminal rate constant.

$$AUC\_infinity\_dose=\frac{AUC\_infinity}{DM}$$。

Fraction of totalAUC_infinityobtained from extrapolation.

$$AUC\_extrap\_percent=\frac{AUC\_infinity-AUC\_0\_last}{AUC\_infinity}*100$$。

To calculate the terminal rate constant (Lambda_z), SimBiology执行一组线性回归of the log(concentration)–time data using each of the lastn点（n= 3, 4, 5, ...) from the terminal portion of the curve, that is, points satisfying the conditions: $$\left(Time\ge T_{\max }\right)\&\left(Conc\le C_{\max }\right)$$。A minimum of three points is required to determineLambda_z。

Lambda_zis chosen from the regression that uses the most points and has the maximumadjusted_R²among all regressions.

$$adjusted\_R^2=1-\frac{(1-R^2)*(n-1)}{n-2}$$

Extrapolated concentration at time = 0, computed using a regression of the first two data points in a profile. This parameter is for IV Bolus doses only.

Maximum observed concentration.

$$C\_\max \_Dose=\frac{C\_max}{DM}$$。

Terminal half-life of the drug.

$$T\_half=\frac{\ln (2)}{Lambda\_z}$$。

T_max是最大的农用地的时间点tration (C_max) is observed.

平衡处的明显分布体积。此参数仅用于静脉注射剂量。

$$V\_ss=MRT*CL$$。

Volume of distribution during the terminal phase.

$$V\_z=\frac{DM}{AUC\_infinity*Lambda\_z}$$。

剂量量。对于多种剂量，报告了最后一次给药的剂量。

Area under the first moment of the concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last time pointTlast。

$$AUMC\_0\_last={\displaystyle \underset{0}{\overset{Tlast}{\int }}t*C(t)dt}$$。

Total area under the first moment of the concentration–time curve extrapolating toinfusingLambda_z。

$$AUMC=AUMC\_0\_last+\frac{C\_last}{Lambda\_z^2}+\frac{Tlast*C\_last}{Lambda\_z}$$。

Fraction of totalAUMCobtained from extrapolation.

$$AUMC\_extrap\_percent=\frac{AUMC-AUMC\_0\_last}{AUMC}*100$$。

Total drug clearance.

$$CL=\frac{DM}{AUC\_infinity}$$,

whereDMis the dose amount.

Mean residence time.

$$MRT=\frac{AUMC}{AUC\_infinity}$$。

Area under the concentration–time curve during a dosing period of lengthTau。SimBiology uses a steady-state dosing period (SS_period).

$$AUC\_Tau={\displaystyle {\int }_{T_{SS\_period}}^{T_{SS\_period}+Tau}C(t)dt}$$。

Area under the first moment of the concentration–time curve during a steady-state dosing period of lengthTau。

$$AUMC\_Tau={\displaystyle {\int }_{T_{SS\_period}}^{T_{SS\_period}+Tau}t*C(t)dt}$$。

一个时期的平均浓度。

$$C\_avg=\frac{AUC\_Tau}{Tau}$$。

Minimum observed concentration during the first period, that is,C_min= C(T_min)。

Peak trough fluctuation over one dosing interval at steady state.

$$PTF\_Percent=\frac{C\_\max -C\_\min }{C\_Avg}*100$$。

Theoretical accumulation ratio.

$$Accumulation\_Index=\frac{1}{1-e^{-Lambda\_z*Tau}}$$。

Time at which the minimum concentration is reached in a dosing interval.

Mean residence time.

$$MRT=\frac{AUMC\_Tau+Tau*\left(AUC\_infinity-AUC\_0\_last\right)}{AUC\_Tau}$$。

Note that for drugs with prolonged half-lives, the extrapolation necessary to compute the termAUC_infinity-AUC_0_last可能导致近似错误。

Total drug clearance.

$$CL=\frac{DM}{AUC\_Tau}$$

Here,DMis the dose amount.