Display Time-Domain Data
The following tutorial shows you how to configure theTime Scopeblocks in theex_timescope_tutmodel to display time-domain signals. To get started with this tutorial, open the model by typing
Use the following workflow to configure the Time Scope blocks in theex_timescope_tutmodel:
Configure the Time Scope Properties
The Configuration Properties dialog box provides a central location from which you can change the appearance and behavior of the Time Scope block. To open the Configuration Properties dialog box, you must first open the Time Scope window by double-clicking the Time Scope block in your model. When the window opens, selectView>Configuration Properties. Alternatively, in the Time Scope toolbar, click the Configuration Properties
button.
The Configuration Properties dialog box has four different tabs,Main,Time,Display, andLogging, each of which offers you a different set of options. For more information about the options available on each of the tabs, see theTime Scopeblock reference page.
Note
As you progress through this workflow, notice the blue question mark icon (
) in the lower-left corner of the subsequent dialog boxes. This icon indicates that context-sensitive help is available. You can get more information about any of the parameters on the dialog box by right-clicking the parameter name and selectingWhat's This?
Configure Appearance and Specify Signal Interpretation
First, you configure the appearance of the Time Scope window and specify how the Time Scope block should interpret input signals. In the Configuration Properties dialog box, click theMaintab. Choose the appropriate parameter settings for theMain选项卡中,见下表。
| Parameter | Setting |
|---|---|
| Open at simulation start | Checked |
| Number of input ports | 2 |
| Input processing | Columns as channels (frame based) |
| Maximize axes | Auto |
| Axes scaling | Manual |
In this tutorial, you want the block to treat the input signal as frame-based, so you must set theInput processingparameter toColumns as channels (frame based).
Configure Axes Scaling and Data Alignment
TheMaintab also allows you to control when and how Time Scope scales the axes. These options also control how Time Scope aligns your data with respect to the axes. Click the link labeledConfigure...to the right of theAxes scalingparameter to see additional options for axes scaling. After you click this button, the label changes toHide...and new parameters appear. The following table describes these additional options.
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| Axes scaling | Specify when the scope automatically scales the axes. You can select one of the following options:
By default, this property is set to |
| Scale axes limits at stop | Select this check box to scale the axes when the simulation stops. They-axis is always scaled. Thex-axis limits are only scaled if you also select theScale X-axis limitscheck box. |
| Data range (%) | Allows you to specify how much white space surrounds your signal in the Time Scope window. You can specify a value for both they- andx-axis. The higher the value you enter for they-axisData range (%), the tighter they-axis range is with respect to the minimum and maximum values in your signal. For example, to have your signal cover the entirey-axis range when the block scales the axes, set this value to |
| Align | Allows you to specify where the block should align your data with respect to each axis. You can choose to have your data aligned with the top, bottom, or center of they-axis. Additionally, if you select theAutoscale X-axis limitscheck box, you can choose to have your data aligned with the right, left, or center of thex-axis. |
Set the parameters to the values shown in the following table.
| Parameter | Setting |
|---|---|
| Axes scaling | Manual |
| Scale axes limits at stop | Checked |
| Data range (%) | 80 |
| Align | Center |
| Autoscale X-axis limits | Unchecked |
Set Time Domain Properties
In the Configuration Properties dialog box, click theTimetab. Set the parameters to the values shown in the following table.
| Parameter | Setting |
|---|---|
| Time span | One frame period |
| Time span overrun action | Wrap |
| Time units | Metric (based on Time Span) |
| Time display offset | 0 |
| Time-axis labels | All |
| Show time-axis label | Checked |
TheTime spanparameter allows you to enter a numeric value, a variable that evaluates to a numeric value, or select theOne frame periodmenu option. You can also select theAutomenu option; in this mode, Time Scope automatically calculates the appropriate value for time span from the difference between the simulationStart time(Simulink)andStop time(Simulink)parameters. The actual range of values that the block displays on the time axis depends on the value of both theTime spanandTime display offsetparameters.
If theTime display offsetparameter is a scalar, the value of the minimum time-axis limit is equal to theTime display offset. In addition, the value of the maximum time-axis limit is equal to the sum of theTime display offsetparameter and theTime spanparameter. For information on the other parameters in the Time Scope window, see theTime Scopereference page.
In this tutorial, the values on the time-axis range from0toOne frame period, whereOne frame periodis0.05seconds (50 ms).
Set Display Properties
In the Configuration Properties dialog box, click theDisplaytab. Set the parameters to the values shown in the following table.
| Parameter | Setting |
|---|---|
| Active display | 1 |
| Title | |
| Show legend | Checked |
| Show grid | Checked |
| Plot signal(s) as magnitude and phase | Unchecked |
| Y-limits (Minimum) | -2.5 |
| Y-limits (Maximum) | 2.5 |
| Y-label | Amplitude |
Set Logging Properties
In the Configuration Properties dialog box, click theLoggingtab. SetLog data to workspaceto unchecked.
ClickOKto save your changes and close the Configuration Properties dialog box.
Note
If you have not already done so, repeat all of these procedures for the Time Scope1 block (except leave theNumber of input portson theMaintab as1) before continuing with the other sections of this tutorial.
Use the Simulation Controls
One advantage to using the Time Scope block in your models is that you can control model simulation directly from the Time Scope window. The buttons on the Simulation Toolbar of the Time Scope window allow you to play, pause, stop, and take steps forward or backward through model simulation. Alternatively, there are several keyboard shortcuts you can use to control model simulation when the Time Scope is your active window.
You can access a list of keyboard shortcuts for the Time Scope by selectingHelp>Keyboard Command Help. The following procedure introduces you to these features.
If the Time Scope window is not open, double-click the block icon in the
ex_timescope_tutmodel. Start model simulation. In the Time Scope window, on the Simulation Toolbar, click the Run button (
) on the Simulation Toolbar. You can also use one of the following keyboard shortcuts:Ctrl+T
P
Space
While the simulation is running and the Time Scope is your active window, pause the simulation. Use either of the following keyboard shortcuts:
P
Space
Alternatively, you can pause the simulation in one of two ways:
In the Time Scope window, on the Simulation Toolbar, click the Pause button (
).From the Time Scope menu, selectSimulation>Pause.
With the model simulation still paused, advance the simulation by a single time step. To do so, in the Time Scope window, on the Simulation Toolbar, click the Next Step button (
).Next, try using keyboard shortcuts to achieve the same result. Press thePage Down先进的关键nce the simulation by a single time step.
Resume model simulation using any of the following methods:
From the Time Scope menu, selectSimulation>Continue.
In the Time Scope window, on the Simulation Toolbar, click the Continue button (
).Use a keyboard shortcut, such asPorSpace.
Modify the Time Scope Display
You can control the appearance of the Time Scope window using options from the display or from theViewmenu. Among other capabilities, these options allow you to:
Control the display of the legend
Edit the line properties of your signals
Show or hide the available toolbars
Change Signal Names in the Legend
You can change the name of a signal by double-clicking the signal name in the legend. By default, the Time Scope names the signals based on the block they are coming from. For this example, set the signal names as shown in the following table.
| Block Name | Original Signal Name | New Signal Name |
|---|---|---|
| Time Scope | Add | Noisy Sine Wave |
| Time Scope | Digital Filter – Lowpass | Filtered Noisy Sine Wave |
| Time Scope1 | Sine Wave | Original Sine Wave |
修改轴颜色和线的属性
Use the Style dialog box to modify the appearance of the axes and the lines for each of the signals in your model. In the Time Scope menu, selectView>Style.
Change thePlot Typeparameter to
Autofor each Time Scope block. This setting ensures that Time Scope displays a line graph if the signal is continuous and a stairstep graph if the signal is discrete.Change theAxes colorsparameters for each Time Scope block. Leave the axes background color as black and set the ticks, labels, and grid colors to white.
Set theProperties for lineparameter to the name of the signal for which you would like to modify the line properties. Set the line properties for each signal according to the values shown in the following table.
Block Name Signal Name Line Line Width Marker Color Time Scope Noisy Sine Wave ———— 0.5 noneWhite Time Scope Filtered Noisy Sine Wave ———— 0.5 
Red Time Scope1 Original Sine Wave ———— 0.5 
Yellow
Show and Hide Time Scope Toolbars
You can also use the options on theViewmenu to show or hide toolbars on the Time Scope window. For example:
来hide the simulation controls, selectView>来olbar. Doing so removes the simulation toolbar from the Time Scope window and also removes the check mark from next to the来olbaroption in theViewmenu.
You can choose to show the simulation toolbar again at any time by selectingView>来olbar.
Verify that all toolbars are visible before moving to the next section of this tutorial.
Inspect Your Data (Scaling the Axes and Zooming)
时间范围图导航工具,允许哟u to scale the axes and zoom in or out on the Time Scope window. The axes scaling tools allow you to specify when and how often the Time Scope scales the axes.
So far in this tutorial, you have configured the Time Scope block for manual axes scaling. Use one of the following options to manually scale the axes:
From the Time Scope menu, select来ols>Scale Axes Limits.
Press the Scale Axes Limits toolbar button (
).With the Time Scope as your active window, pressCtrl + A.
Adjust White Space Around the Signal
You can control how much space surrounds your signal and where your signal appears in relation to the axes. To adjust the amount of space surrounding your signal and realign it with the axes, you must first open the Tools—Plot Navigation Properties dialog box. From the Time Scope menu, select来ols>Axes Scaling Properties.
In the Tools:Plot Navigation options dialog box, set theData range (%)andAlignparameters. In a previous section, you set these parameters to80andCenter, respectively.
来decrease the amount of space surrounding your signal, set theData range (%)parameter on the Tools:Plot Navigation Options dialog box to
90.来align your signal with the bottom of the Y-axis, set theAlignparameter to
Bottom.
The next time you scale the axes of the Time Scope window, the window appears as follows.
Use the Zoom Tools
The zoom tools allow you to zoom in simultaneously in the directions of both thex- andy-axes , or in either direction individually. For example, to zoom in on the signal between 5010 ms and 5020 ms, you can use theZoom Xoption.
来activate theZoom Xtool, select来ols>Zoom X, or press the corresponding toolbar button (
). The Time Scope indicates that theZoom Xtool is active by depressing the toolbar button and placing a check mark next to the来ols>Zoom Xmenu option.来zoom in on the region between 5010 ms and 5020 ms, in the Time Scope window, click and drag your cursor from the 10 ms mark to the 20 ms mark.
While zoomed in, to activate thePantool, select来ols>Pan, or press the corresponding toolbar button (
).来zoom out of the Time Scope window, right-click inside the window, and selectZoom Out. Alternatively, you can return to the original view of your signal by right-clicking inside the Time Scope window and selectingReset to Original View.
Manage Multiple Time Scopes
The Time Scope block provides tools to help you manage multiple Time Scope blocks in your models. The model used throughout this tutorial,ex_timescope_tut, contains two Time Scope blocks, labeledTime ScopeandTime Scope1. The following sections discuss the tools you can use to manage these Time Scope blocks.
Open All Time Scope Windows
When you have multiple windows open on your desktop, finding the one you need can be difficult. The Time Scope block offers aView>Bring All Time Scopes Forwardmenu option to help you manage your Time Scope windows. Selecting this option brings all Time Scope windows into view. If a Time Scope window is not currently open, use this menu option to open the window and bring it into view.
来try this menu option in theex_timescope_tutmodel, open the Time Scope window, and close the Time Scope1 window. From theViewmenu of the Time Scope window, selectBring All Time Scopes Forward. The Time Scope1 window opens, along with the already active Time Scope window. If you have any Time Scope blocks in other open Simulink®models, then these also come into view.
Open Time Scope Windows at Simulation Start
当你有多个时间范围块model, you may not want all Time Scope windows to automatically open when you start simulation. You can control whether or not the Time Scope window opens at simulation start by selectingFile>Open at Start of Simulation从窗口范围。当你选择这个option, the Time Scope GUI opens automatically when you start the simulation. When you do not select this option, you must manually open the scope window by double-clicking the corresponding Time Scope block in your model.
Find the Right Time Scope Block in Your Model
Sometimes, you have multiple Time Scope blocks in your model and need to find the location of one that corresponds to the active Time Scope window. In such cases, you can use theView>Highlight Simulink Blockmenu option or the corresponding toolbar button (
). When you do so, the model window becomes your active window, and the corresponding Time Scope block flashes three times in the model window. This option can help you locate Time Scope blocks in your model and determine to which signals they are attached.
来try this feature, open the Time Scope window, and on the simulation toolbar, click the Highlight Simulink Block button. Doing so opens theex_timescope_tutmodel. The Time Scope block flashes three times in the model window, allowing you to see where in your model the block of interest is located.
Docking Time Scope Windows in the Scopes Group Container
当你有多个时间范围块model you may want to see them in the same window and compare them side-by-side. In such cases, you can select the Dock Time Scope button (
) at the top-right corner of the Time Scope window for the Time Scope block.
The Time Scope window now appears in the Scopes group container. Next, press the Dock Time Scope button at the top-right corner of the Time Scope window for the Time Scope1 block.
By default, the Scopes group container is situated above the MATLAB Command Window. However, you can undock the Scopes group container by pressing the Show Actions button
at the top-right corner of the container and selectingUndock. The Scopes group container is now independent from the MATLAB Command Window.
Once docked, the Scopes group container displays the toolbar and menu bar of the Time Scope window. If you open additional instances of Time Scope, a new Time Scope window appears in the Scopes group container.
You can undock any instance of Time Scope by pressing the corresponding Undock button (
) in the title bar of each docked instance. If you close the Scopes group container, all docked instances of Time Scope close but the Simulink model continues to run.
Close All Time Scope Windows
If you save your model with Time Scope windows open, those windows will reopen the next time you open the model. Reopening the Time Scope windows when you open your model can increase the amount of time it takes your model to load. If you are working with a large model, or a model containing multiple Time Scopes, consider closing all Time Scope windows before you save and close that model. To do so, use theFile>Close All Time Scope Windowsmenu option.
来use this menu option in theex_timescope_tutmodel, open the Time Scope or Time Scope1 window, and selectFile>Close All Time Scope Windows. Both the Time Scope and Time Scope1 windows close. If you now save and close the model, the Time Scope windows do not automatically open the next time you open the model. You can open Time Scope windows at any time by double-clicking a Time Scope block in your model. Alternatively, you can choose to automatically open the Time Scope windows at simulation start. To do so, from the Time Scope window, selectFile>Open at Start of Simulation.
Display Complex-Valued Input Signal
This example shows how to display complex-valued signals in the Time Scope block.
By default, when the input is a complex-valued signal, Time Scope plots the real and imaginary portions on the same axes. These real and imaginary portions appear as different-colored lines on the same axes within the same active display.
来separate the real and imaginary portions of the input, change the scope to plot magintude and phase.
From the Scope menu, selectView>Configuration Properties.
In the Configuration Properties window, on the Display tab, selectPlot signal(s) as magnitude and phase.
ClickOK. The active display shows the magnitude of the input signal on the top axes. The signal phase, in degrees, appears on the bottom axes.
Display Input Signal of Changing Size
In this example, the size of the input signal to the Time Scope block changes as the simulation progresses.
open_system("ex_timescope_varsize")
When the simulation time is less than 5 seconds, Time Scope plots the signal connected to the third input port of the Switch block, which has signal dimensions 1 by 2. After 5 seconds, Time Scope plots the signal connected to the first input port of the Switch block, which has signal dimensions 1 by 3.
sim("ex_timescope_varsize") open_system("ex_timescope_varsize/Time Scope")
As you can see in the figure, the third line on the display, colored red, appears only after 5 seconds.
Display Simulink Enumeration Input Signal
This example shows how to use the Time Scope to display an enumerated input signal.
open_system("ex_timescope_slenum")
In this example, Simulink® imports the variablex, from the MATLAB® workspace. This variable is created when the model loads because the commands that construct it reside in the model Preload function. To view these commands,
On the Simulink toolbar, on the Modeling tab, in the Setup section, in the drop-down, select
Model Properties.In the Model Properties dialog box, select the
Callbackstab. The following lines of MATLAB® code appear.
if~exist('BasicColors','class') Simulink.defineIntEnumType('BasicColors',...{'Red','Yellow','Blue'},...[0;1;2],...'Description','Basic colors',...'DefaultValue','Blue',...'AddClassNameToEnumNames', true);endx = [BasicColors(0), BasicColors(2), BasicColors(1)]
x = 1x3 BasicColors enumeration array Red Blue Yellow
The Signal from Workspace block has a sample time of 3 seconds. Thus, the input signal changes to the next value in vectorxevery 3 seconds.
sim("ex_timescope_slenum") open_system("ex_timescope_slenum/Time Scope")
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