pe

Prediction error for identified model

Syntax

err = pe(sys,data,K) err = pe(sys,data,K,opt) [err,ice,sys_pred] = pe(___) pe(sys,data,K,___) pe(sys,Linespec,data,K,___) pe(sys1,...,sysN,data,K,___) pe(sys1,Linespec1,...,sysN,LinespecN,data,K,___)

Description

err= pe(sys,data,K)returns theK-step prediction error for the output of the identified modelsys. The prediction error is determined by subtracting theK-step ahead predicted response from the measured output. The prediction error is calculated for the time span covered bydata. For more information on the computation of predicted response, seepredict.

err= pe(sys,data,K,opt)returns the prediction error using the option set,opt, to specify prediction error calculation behavior.

[err,ice,sys_pred] = pe(___)also returns the estimated initial conditions,ice, and a predictor system,sys_pred.

pe(sys,data,K,___)plots the prediction error. Use with any of the previous input argument combinations. To change display options in the plot, right-click the plot to access the context menu. For more details about the menu, seeTips.

pe(sys,Linespec,data,K,___)usesLinespecto specify the line type, marker symbol, and color.

pe(sys1,...,sysN,data,K,___)plots the prediction errors for multiple identified models.peautomatically chooses colors and line styles.

pe(sys1,Linespec1,...,sysN,LinespecN,data,K,___)使用线类型、标记符号和颜色specified for each model.

Input Arguments

`sys`	Identified model.
`data`	Measured input-output history. If`sys`is a time-series model, which has no input signals, then specify`data`as an`iddata`object with no inputs. In this case, you can also specify`data`过去的时间序列值的矩阵。
`K`	Prediction horizon. Specify`K`as a positive integer that is a multiple of the data sample time. Use`K = Inf`to compute the pure simulation error. Default:`1`
`opt`	Prediction options. `opt`is an option set, created using`peOptions`, that configures the computation of the predicted response. Options that you can specify include: Handling of initial conditions Data offsets
`Linespec`	Line style, marker, and color Line style, marker, and color, specified as a character vector. For example,`'b'`or`'b+:'`. For more information about configuring`Linespec`, see`plot`.

Output Arguments

err

Prediction error.

erris returned as aniddataobject or matrix, depending on how you specifydata. For example, ifdatais aniddataobject, then so iserr.

Outputs up to the timet-Kand inputs up to the time instanttare used to calculate the prediction error at the time instantt.

WhenK = Inf, the predicted output is a pure simulation of the system.

For multi-experiment data,errcontains the prediction error data for each experiment. The time span of the prediction error matches that of the observed data.

ice

Estimated initial conditions.

iceis returned as a column vector of initial states for state-space systems and as aninitialConditionobject for transfer function and polynomial systems.

sys_pred

Predictor system.

sys_predis a dynamic system. When you simulatesys_pred, using[data.OutputData data.InputData]as the input, the output,yp, is such thaterr.OutputData = data.OutputData - yp. For state-space models, the software usesx0eas the initial condition when simulatingsys_pred.

For discrete-time data,sys_predis always a discrete-time model.

For multi-experiment data,sys_predis an array of models, with one entry for each experiment.

Examples

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Compute Prediction Error for an ARIX Model

Open Live Script

Compute the prediction error for an ARIX model.

Use the error data to compute the variance of the noise source $e$ ( $t$ ).

Obtain noisy data.

noise = [(1:150)';(151:-1:2)']; loadiddata1z1; z1.y = z1.y+noise;

noiseis a triangular wave that is added to the output signal ofz1, aniddataobject.

Estimate an ARIX model for the noisy data.

sys = arx(z1,[2 2 1],'IntegrateNoise',true);

Compute the prediction error of the estimated model.

K = 1; err = pe(z1,sys,K);

pecomputes the one-step prediction error for the output of the identified model,sys.

Compute the variance of the noise source, $e$ ( $t$ ).

noise_var = err.y'*err.y/(299-nparams(sys)-order(sys));

Compare the computed value with model's noise variance.

sys.NoiseVariance

The output ofsys.NoiseVariancematches the computed variance.

Plot Prediction Error for Multiple Models

Open Live Script

Load the estimation data.

loadiddata1; data = z1;

Estimate an ARX model of order [2 2 1].

sys1 = arx(data,[2 2 1]);

Estimate a transfer function with 2 poles.

sys2 = tfest(data,2);

Plot the prediction error for the estimated models. Specify prediction horizon as 10, and specify the line styles for plotting the prediction error of each system.

pe(sys1,'r--',sys2,'b',data,10);

Figure contains an axes. The axes contains 2 objects of type line. These objects represent data (y1), sys1, sys2.

To change the display options, right-click the plot to access the context menu. For example, to view the estimation data, selectShow Validation Datafrom the context menu. To view the predicted outputs, selectPredicted Response Plot.

Tips

Right-clicking the plot of the prediction error opens the context menu, where you can access the following options:
- Systems— Select systems to view prediction error. By default, the prediction error of all systems is plotted.
- Data Experiment— For multi-experiment data only. Toggle between data from different experiments.
- Characteristics— View the following data characteristics:
  - Peak Value— View the absolute peak value of the data. Applicable for time–domain data only.
  - Peak Response— View peak response of the data. Applicable for frequency–response data only.
  - Mean Value— View mean value of the data. Applicable for time–domain data only.
- Show— For frequency–domain and frequency–response data only.
  - Magnitude— View magnitude of frequency response of the system.
  - Phase— View phase of frequency response of the system.
- Show Validation Data— Plot data used to compute the prediction error.
- I/O Grouping— For datasets containing more than one input or output channel. Select grouping of input and output channels on the plot.
  - None— Plot input-output channels in their own separate axes.
  - All— Group all input channels together and all output channels together.
- I/O Selector— For datasets containing more than one input or output channel. Select a subset of the input and output channels to plot. By default, all output channels are plotted.
- Grid— Add grids to the plot.
- Normalize— Normalize the y-scale of all data in the plot.
- Full View— Return to full view. By default, the plot is scaled to full view.
- Prediction Horizon— Set the prediction horizon, or choose simulation.
- Initial Condition— Specify handling of initial conditions. Not applicable for frequency-response data.
  Specify as one of the following:
  - Estimate— Treat the initial conditions as estimation parameters.
  - Zero— Set all initial conditions to zero.
  - Absorb delays and estimate— Absorb nonzero delays into the model coefficients and treat the initial conditions as estimation parameters. Use this option for discrete-time models only.
- Predicted Response Plot— Plot the predicted model response.
- Prediction Error Plot— Plot the error between the model response and prediction data. By default, the error plot is shown.
- Properties— Open the Property Editor dialog box to customize plot attributes.